Classics Revisited: Romeo and Juliet

One of my goals this year is to revisit a few books that I developed strong feelings towards in high school and give them a second chance. Last fall, after avoiding Huckleberry Finn like the plague for years, I had to read it, and actually enjoyed it. This made me wonder how many other once-despised classics I might actually like. I’m beginning with that one Shakespeare play I have avoided teaching like the plague:

covers-romeo-and-juliet.jpg

Book: Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet 
Edition: Pelican Classics
Bought: Used
Verdict: Still not my favorite, though for more complex reasons.

Shakespeare’s verse is always great, even in his early plays like R&J. Some of the speeches, especially Juliet’s, are stunning. The meeting between Romeo and Juliet in 1.5 is beautiful.  And I actually liked Juliet, as a character. She seems like a neat young woman, strong and passionate, if a little unguided. Here’s her reaction to her Nurse’s monumentally bad advice (see below):

Ancient damnation, O most wicked fiend!
Is it more sin to wish me thus forsworn
Or to dispraise my lord with that same tongue
Which she hath praised him with above compare
So many thousand times? Go, counselor.
Thou and my bosom henceforth shall be twain. (3.5.248-253)
It reminds me of some of Lady Macbeth’s speeches in Act 1 of Macbeth.

Speaking of guidance, the four main adults in this play, Lord and Lady Capulet, the Nurse and Friar Lawrence, are pretty awful. Lord Capulet demands that Juliet marries Paris in three days, or he will disown her. It is apropos of nothing, and he comes across as a major jerk. Lady Capulet seems rather ignorant regarding what goes on in the mind of her daughter.

The Nurse and Friar Lawrence aren’t much better. They go along with the infatuation of two teenagers, for one. Also, the Nurse, on hearing Juliet is supposed to marry Paris, responds by pointing out that Paris is better looking than Romeo and since Romeo is banished, why not just marry Paris? It was a shame; I liked her until that point.

Also poison. Seriously? How about when Juliet needs to get out of town you just send her out of town, Friar Lawrence? At least he ought to have had a slightly better backup plan romeoj.jpgfor the undelivered note. He knew Romeo was quick to jump to self-harm as a solution.

And Romeo is a whiny, over-dramatic, impulsive young man. And there are far too many sex jokes.

BOTH Romeo AND Juliet threaten to kill themselves at one point in the play. It makes the ending feel a lot less romantic and a lot more tragic.

On further reflection, I think this is actually the problem I have with the play:  it is treated like a dramatic romance. It’s not.

It’s a tragedy, one every bit as tragic as King Lear. By the end of the play there are no more young people left (except Rosaline and Benvolio. I hope they got married and got out of Verona). The play seems like it shows the harm unexamined prejudice and poor 220px-Romeoandjuliet1597.jpgruling (I’m looking at you, Prince) can do to a community. At the end, the feud between the Montagues and Capulets is healed, but what future do either of the families have? None. Tybalt, Mercutio, Paris, Romeo and Juliet are all dead.

 

I think I would appreciate it if we stopped being all misty-eyed about Romeo and Juliet. There is nothing admirable about most of these characters, or their actions. If we are going to keep teaching it to teenagers, let’s use it to show them what not to do; to brainstorm ways Romeo and Juliet could have solved their problems without killing themselves. There is already a problem with teenage suicide – let’s not add any fuel to the fire.


Update 2/19: I just revisited this because reasons, and although I do stand by my assessment, past me could have worded it a little better. Live and learn.

I wanted to point out two additional things I’ve since learned, that further complicate the “romantic love story” reading. First, the Nurse is a stock character who is meant to be not just funny but highly problematic – a dispenser of awful advice, though good intentioned.

And second, Romeo is the classic Petrarchan lover, the Elizabethan lover-ideal, to a fault. This makes me suspicious of his sincerity. Shakespeare played with this ideal throughout his career (see also Berowne in Love’s Labors Lost and Claudio in Much Ado about Nothing). One significant aspect of the Petrarchan lover is a devotion to an unattainable lady (see: everything Romeo says about Rosaline). Would Romeo and Juliet have had a happy marriage? I’m unsure.

Quotation from: http://www.folgerdigitaltexts.org/?chapter=5&play=Rom&loc=p7
Images:
enotes.com
anathemacinema.com
Wikipedia

Mildly Epic List of Classics

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My last list was a bit of a beginner’s list; books to help you dip your toe in the ocean of classics. This week, I want to write (much) longer list of mostly novels and plays, with some short stories, long poems and essays, organized by time period. Lyric poetry will get its own list (someday).

 

 

Notes about the list:

  • Instead of literary period I’m just going to go in half-centuries.
  • These are all books I’ve read (and liked) or want to read, and isn’t meant to be exhaustive (that would be a really long list). If I miss your favorite book or author, put it in the comments!
  • A * denotes a book that some might find challenging, due to style usually.
  • I’ve just listed one book by each author, usually my favorite one, or the best known.
  • I’ve tried to include authors that get overlooked, and avoid super-well-known books that are recentish and still commonly read (like 1984 or To Kill a Mockingbird)
  • Within the time range I haven’t gone in any particular order.

1900-1950s

  • Mrs. Dalloway Virginia Woolf
  • Tender is the Night F Scott Fitzgerald
  • The Sun Also Rises Earnest Hemingway
  • The Quiet American Graham Greene
  • Wise Blood Flannery O’Connor
  • Howard’s End D. H. Lawrence
  • The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck
  • Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man James Joyce*
  • Father Brown Stories G.K. Chesterton
  • Till We Have Faces C.S. Lewis

1850s – 1900

  • Our Mutual Friend Charles Dickens
  • North and South Elizabeth Gaskell
  • The Moonstone Wilkie Collins
  • The Bostonians Henry James
  • My Antonia Willa Cather
  • The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne
  • The Brothers Karamazov Fyodor Dostoevsky
  • Anna Karenina Leo Tolstoy
  • Huckleberry Finn Mark Twain
  • Alice in Wonderland Lewis Carroll
  • Lilith George MacDonald
  • Walden Henry David Thoreau35_1hb.jpg

1800s-1850s

  • Sense and Sensibility Jane Austen
  • Frankenstein Mary Shelley
  • Jane Eyre Charlotte Bronte
  • Silas Marner George Eliot
  • Ivanhoe Sir Walter Scott
  • The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Other Writings Washington Irving
  • Any collection of short stories by Edgar Allen Poe
  • The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne
  • Moby Dick Herman Melville* (or, for a taste, try a collection of his short stories)
  • Faust I Goethe

1700s

  • Robinson Crusoe Daniel Defoe
  • Gulliver’s Travels Jonathan Swift
  • Pamela Samuel Richardson
  • Life of Johnson James Boswell
  • Essays by Thomas Paine
  • Rape of the Lock Alexander Pope

1600s

  • Paradise Lost John Milton
  • Tartuffe Moliere
  • Revenger’s Tragedy Thomas Middleton
  • Pilgrim’s Progress John Bunyan
  • Don Quixote Miguel de Cervantes
  • The Diary of Samuel Pepys
  • Of Plymouth Plantation William Bradford

1500s

  • Macbeth William Shakespeare
  • Doctor Faustus Christopher Marlowe
  • Utopia Thomas More

1400s

  • The Morte d’ Arthur Thomas Malory
  • Decameron Boccaccio

1300s and earlier

  • The Canterbury Tales Geoffrey Chaucer
  • Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
  • Beowulf 
  • The Divine Comedy Dante Alighieri

Myths and Folktales (oral traditions, collected at various times) images.jpeg

  • Brothers Grimm
  • Mabinogean (Welsh)
  • Icelandic Sagas
  • Perrault’sFairy Tales
  • Andrew Lang’s colored Fairy Books (i.e. The Blue Fairy Book, The Green Fairy Book)

 

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This post was published accidentally incomplete; I’ve deleted the original, updated it, and am re-publishing it now.
Image sources:
  1. http://www.businessinsider.com/25-america-classic-books-to-read-2014-1
  2. http://bookriot.com/2014/01/01/illustrated-guide-buying-classics/
  3. http://www.patriotinstitute.org/great-books-classic-literature-101/

Book Review: Two on a Tower by Thomas Hardy

41pCxPlS0DL._SX323_BO1,204,203,200_.jpgUnless you count Graham Greene’s Brighton Rock (which I do, mostly), this was the first classic I read this year. The first pre-20th century classic.

A subset of my goal to read more classic fiction this year is a goal to revisit some books I read when I was younger, mostly in middle and high school, and disliked. After a good experience revisiting Huckleberry Finn last year I wanted to see if some of the other “ugh” books gained that categorization because I was too young to understand them.

I think I began with Hardy to get him over with. Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles was the only book I was assigned in high school that I never finished. I just couldn’t. I loathed it. And even now, I couldn’t bring myself to pick it up again, and gave myself permission to just try Hardy, any Hardy, instead. I had wanted to pick up either Jude the Obscure or Far from the Madding Crowd but the used bookstore didn’t have those. It mostly had Tess, and this.

I’ll begin by admitting I didn’t hate the book, which I had feared I would. I didn’t love it, I don’t feel like gushing, but I enjoyed it and am not sorry I read it.

Two on a Tower is a shortish novel concerning two people: Lady Viviette Constantine, and Swithin St. Cleeve. Viviette is a 28 year old woman trapped in a marriage to an absent husband who was probably emotionally abusive when he was present. Because of a self-inflicted vow, Viviette has had no company or friends or anything for the last five years of her husband’s absence.

Swithin is a young man of 21 who is the son of the late village vicar and a farmer’s daughter. He is also an astronomer. Viviette discovers him working one evening when out of desperate boredom she goes to explore a memorial tower on her property and discovers Swithin had adopted it as an observatory.

At first, Viviette sees herself as a patroness, investing in the younger man’s future, buying him some expensive equipment and fitting out the tower to be a more proper observatory. Then, of course, they fall in love. Much is made in the 7 or 8 year disparity in their ages (which Hardy in a later edition increased to 10), which I found a little overdone.

The biggest problem I had with the book is that many of his plot twists just feel contrived. People show up from years abroad at inconvenient times. Characters are dead (or not dead) with annoying convenience (or inconvenience), and the missed communications make the Romeo and Juliet missive gone awry feel like a 100% legitimate plot device.  And they lead to an ending which doesn’t feel right or tragic or happy, or anything at all. My reaction was along the lines of I figured it would end up like this.

If anything, this book is a great illustration of the validity of much of Aristotle’s advice on tragedy in the Poetics. He says that a good tragedy (and this book is supposed to be tragic – my edition uses the term “star-crossed-lovers” I think seriously) must be driven by the character’s actions, that the flaws in the characters must become deadly. Here, the characters do have flaws, and they do make choices that have repercussions, but much of the conflict is forced upon them from outside, based on circumstances in which they have no control, or even knowledge of when they make decisions. I feel less sorry for them as a result, and more annoyed with Hardy.

I would be interested to see if the flaws with this book are a result of Hardy’s fatalistic worldview, or because he just doesn’t do such a good job with this book. I will likely pick up one of his better known books eventually, but I also suspect he will not be making my shortlist of authors I really like.

Also, I have retreated to Dickens. I think that says something.

 

A Pilgrimage

I have embarked on a pilgrimage of sorts. Spurred on by a lot of things, including the American political climate, my own interests, and my thoughts on classical education, I have declared 2017 the Year of the Classics.

I went to the used bookstore and purchased 15 noteworthy tomes that sit on the bookcase by my bed, in two vertical stacks on the extra shelf space between the books already there and the edge. They haunt me, as I hoped they would. Three Four weeks in, it hasn’t shrunk as much as I had hoped.

Pilgrimages are slow. You take one step, then another.

The place to which I journey? I don’t know, exactly. The answers I have tried on don’t fit yet. That’s okay, though. There will be many forks in the road and each one will send me in a more defined direction.

And anyway, it’s more about the journey than the arriving.

As I go through my reading, first the fourteen books (plus three or four not pictured) in the blog heading above, then others, I hope to consider some questions:

  • What are the classics, anyway?
  • What is a classical education? What are the essentials? Where is the fence in this little plot of land?
  • Can one attain a classical education in adulthood, and if so, what does that look like?
  • How can the classics engage with the world we live in today?
  • Is a classical education even relevant? What about diversity and global perspectives and all that?

I’ll also be reviewing the books I read, the first of which is Thomas Hardy’s Two on a Tower, and leave my thoughts on these “realms of gold” for fellow travelers.

Happy Voyaging,

Erin